Understanding the purpose of research, applying a range of research methods and techniques and presenting research results.
Understanding the purpose of research definitions:
Market research is the process by which companies investigate the market and the competitors of which their product is placed in. The process by which this is gathered varies dependent on the market sector of the company and will range from data analysis such as questionaries, surveys, interviews, customer feedback to finding out information gathered on existing products with a similar target demographic. The purpose of this is to gather information on what customers want, and what doesn't work in order to make the new product as successful as possible in it's target market.
Production research is the process in which companies gather information about the production side of creating a product. For example they will investigate into finance, regulators (OfCom), locations, resources, marketing, publication and competition. This side of research has little involvement on the customer/ audience and instead focuses on what is needed to produce a successful product realistically. Production research may be gathered by investigating competitor's production techniques or using primary research in to gather this information specifically for their company/ product.
Applying a range of research methods and techniques definitions:
Resource Procedures are the methods by which data is collected.
Types of research- There are many different categories to which research can be divided up into, qualitative, quantitative, primary and secondary. These all define the source and type of information collected.
Primary sources are the forms of research which are gathered by yourself and this generally means it is done on small scale and is not guaranteed to be representative of a wide range. However it does allow the research gathered to be of upmost relevance.
Secondary sources are those gathered from other people who have previously done the research for themselves. This is often from a wider range of demographics but may not be of specific relevance.
Consumer catergorisation is a way of dividing consumers into groups dependent on their demographics. This can be financial or social status, age, gender, race or educational background.
Interpreting results means using the data to gather your own conclusions and ideas from it.
Techniques and presenting research results definitions:
Techniques- The various ways in which something is carried out. In this case it refers to the format of which work is presented in.
Content- The independent things that go together to create the final product of work.
Quotation and reference- referencing and acknowledging previously published work from other people to avoid plagiarism.
Copyright- A legal system which protects arts, music, layouts, designs, recordings and broadcastings from being copied without permission. This is represented with the letter 'c' in a circle.
| Market Research | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Audience data | Questionnaires and interviews were conducted to gather the audience’s feedback on current TV adverts. | Unit 29- Task 9 Unit 29- Task 10 |
| Audience awareness | Considering the audience’s opinion and preferences when creating new products and/or analyzing information. | Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 13 Unit 29- Task 15 |
| Product reach | Considering what the typical target demographic audience are for a piece of media. | Unit 29- Task 1 Unit 29- Task 3 Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 13 Unit 29- Task 15 Unit 21- Task 6 |
| Audience profiling | Defining the audience by characteristics such as income and marital status. | Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 21- Task 6 Unit 22- Task 1 |
| Competitor analysis | Analysing the media products of competing companies and brands. | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 2 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 5 Unit 29- Task 2 Unit 21- Task 5 |
| Advertising placement | Discussing where adverts would be placed on TV or films and how. | Unit 29- Task 6 Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 13 Unit 29- Task 15 |
| Production Research | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Content | The things included in the final product. | Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 9 Unit 29- Task 10 Unit 29- Task 11 Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 2 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 4 Unit 7- Task 5 |
| Resources: personnel, talent, finance, suppliers, locations, viability | Personnel- Talent- The quality of people working on the product Finance- The costing and budgets of the work Suppliers- Where products are sourced from Locations- Where products where filmed/made Viability- How practical the product is to be produced following rules and regulations such as those by OfCom | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 2 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 4 Unit 7- Task 5 Unit 7- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 22- Task 9 Unit 21- Task 13 |
| Placement: publication, broadcast, audience and competition | Publication- Where it will be published to and what it will feature in. The kind of media product which it will be placed onto Broadcast- Where it will be broadcasted Audience- Who the audience will be for the placement Competition- The competition of the product may be affected by it’s placement | Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 5 Unit 29- Task 1 Unit 29- Task 2 Unit 29- Task 4 Unit 29-Task 7 Unit 22- Task 1 Unit 22- Task 9 Unit 22- Task 10 Unit 22- Task 11 Unit 21- Task 13 |
| Resource Procedures | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Research procedures | How research is put together. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-10 Unit 29- Tasks 9-11 |
| Search methods | The methods by which research such as data, figures and general information was collected by. I.e.- search engines, publications such as books, texts or reference material. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 |
| Types of research | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Quantitative research | Research which is gathered with statistics or figures and allows for no comments or opinions simply gathering numerical data. | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 4 Unit 7- Task 5 Unit 29- Task 9 Unit 29- Task 11 |
| Qualitative research | Research which is gathered allowing for comments and opinions and gives a much clearer view into the question ‘why’ which quantitative data does not allow. | Unit 29- Task 10 |
| Primary sources | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Interview | Gathering information by conducting a question- answer based session with one person or more. | Unit 29- Task 10 |
| Bias in interviewing context | This is where biased opinions may be influenced by the phrasing and contextual factors of those conducting and leading the interview, leading to biased results. | Unit 29- Task 11 |
| Questionnaires | A set of questions with limited answers and opportunity for expanding reasons allowing for mainly statistical information. | Unit 29- Task 9 |
| Surveys | Gathering information from people by asking a fixed set questions and allowing them to expand giving detailed answers. | Unit 29- Task 9 |
| Focus Groups | A group of people are shown a product and asked their opinions- this is carefully orchestrated by moderators who are careful to keep the answers unbiased. | Unit 29- Task 11 |
| Meetings | A group of people meeting to discuss their ideas and opinions on a topic. | Unit 29- Task 14 |
| Self- generated | Creating your own information and research for your own use, this could be by video or personal recording of events etc… | Unit 29- Task 14 |
| Secondary sources | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Journals | Newspapers or magazine articles which include relevant factual information. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 |
| Newspapers | A frequently published source of information that is up-to-date with recent events. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 Unit 7- Task 8 |
| Worldwide web | The worldwide source of an endless amount of information, which can be accessed by anyone across the world. Sites can also be created by anyone. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 Unit 7- Task 8 |
| Interviews | Interviews carried out by someone other than myself for another source. | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 7 Unit 7- Task 8 |
| Published Statistics | Ratings, circulation figures and government statistics | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 7- Task 4 Unit 7- Task 5 |
| Data Gathering Agencies | Agencies such as BARB and RAJAR whose responsibility it is to collect and collate statistic information regarding TV and Film. | Unit 7- Task 1 Unit 7- Task 4 Unit 7- Task 5 |
| Consumer Catagorisation | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Socio-economic classification | A way of dividing people (specifically audiences) by their economic and social status. | Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 21- Task 6 |
| Geo-demographic classification | A way of dividing people dependent on where in the world or country they live in. | Unit 7- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 6 |
| Ethnographic classification | Data collected by involving people in research and then dividing the information into categories. | Unit 29- Tasks 9-11 |
| Interpreting Results | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Collate | The collecting and analysis of data into categories to retrieve suitable information from it. | Unit 29- Task 9 |
| Evaluate | Gathering the relevant information from the data collected to build an overall view. | Unit 29- Task 9 |
| Summarise | Giving a brief explanation of the data’s meaning- possibly in a graph or table | Unit 29- Task 9 |
| Techniques | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Written | In the form of word processed documents, reviews or reports | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 Unit 7- Tasks 8-10 Unit 29- Tasks 1-4 Unit 29- Tasks6-8 Unit 29-Tasks 12-16 Unit 22- Tasks 1-2 Unit 22- Task 6 Unit 21- Tasks 1-5 Unit 21- Tasks 7-8 |
| Oral | Individual or group presentation, powerpoints, overhead transparencies, video and audio illustration, multi-media, video diary, audio diary. | Unit 7- Tasks 6-7 Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 29- Task 10-11 |
| Graphic aids | Graphs, pie charts, tables or storyboards | Unit 7- Task 3 Unit 29- Task 9 Unit 29- Task 14 Unit 29- Tasks 17-18 Unit 22- Tasks 3-5 Unit 21- Task 6 Unit 21- Task 9 |
| Content | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Procedures | The actions taken to ensure the work is done correctly | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 Unit 29- Task 7 Unit 29- Tasks 9-11 |
| Research Data | All research | Unit 7- All tasks Unit 29- All tasks Unit 22- All tasks Unit 21- All Tasks |
| Research findings | What the data we gathered showed us | Unit 29- Tasks 9-11 Unit 7- Task 21 |
| Conclusions | All research findings summarised | Unit 29- Task 21 Unit 21- Task 13 |
| Proposals | The initial ideas and plans for the project or work before it began production. | Unit 29- Task 14 Unit 21- Task 8 |
| Quotation and reference | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Bibliography styles | Referencing styles such as Harvard- used to avoid plagiarism. | Unit 7- Tasks 1-5 |
| Citations | Giving reference and acknowledgements to the owner of the information | Unit 7- tasks 1-5 |
| Copyright | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Material | Print, photographs, audio, video, works of art can all be copyrighted and are protected against plagiarism. | Unit 7- Task 10 Unit 29- Task 21 |
Pre-production research
Understanding requirements for production
| Resources | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Funding sources | Where the finance for the projects comes from | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Staff | The people working on the project | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Equipment suppliers | The companies/people from which the equipment needed is sourced | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Outsourcing | Obtaining goods from an outside source | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Codes of practice and regulations | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Legal | Copyright, health and safety | Unit 29- Task 21 Unit 21- Task 10 |
| Insurance | Public liability. Completion insurance | Unit 29- Task 21 Unit 21- Task 13 |
| Regulatory bodies | OfCom, Advertising Standards Agency (ASA) British Board Of Film Classification (BBFC) | Unit 29- Task 6 Unit 29- Task 12 Unit 29- Task 13 |
| Background Research | Specialist advice, archives, libraries, internet | Unit 29- Tasks 6-21 Unit 21- Tasks |
| Archive Research | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Clearances | Mechanical Copyright Protection Society | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Location Release | Libraries- photographic, film, video, sound, printed material | Unit 29- Task 16 |
| People Research | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| People Research | Contributor biographies, team or crew CVs | |
Be able to obtain resources for production
| Equipment | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Vision | Camcorders, stills, camera | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Sound | Microphones, digital recorders. analogue recorders | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Lighting | Studio, location, flashgun, tungsten | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Support Equipment | Tripod, boom, jib | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Hardware | Computers, scanners, graphics, tablets, printers | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Software | Text editing, image manipulation, layout, design | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Personnel | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Personnel | Photographer, camera operator, sound operator, production, assistant, editor, reporter, graphic designer, artist, interactive media designer, sound engineer, quality assurance technician, 3D animator | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Materials | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Materials | Archive materials, original materials, assets, audio, script, still images, graphics, interviews, costumer, properties, recorded music | Unit 29- Task 8 Unit 21- Task 7 |
| Gathering and collating | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Gathering and collating | Storing resources, logging resources, asset management | Unit 29- Task 16 |
| Planning schedule | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Planning schedule | Budget, bookings, contingency | Unit 29- Task 16 Unit 29- Task 18 |
| Budget | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Equipment | Production, post production | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Materials | Tapes, compact flash cards, mini discs, photographic paper | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Transport | Getting to and from locations | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Locations | The set of a scene | Unit 29- Task 8 |
| Health and safety issues | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Risk assessments | Health and safety legislation | Unit 21- Task 11 |
| Documentation | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Production schedules | Production schedules, call sheets, location and plans, studio plans, logging sheets, scripts, shooting scripts, storyboards, mood boards, thumbnails | Unit 29- Task 17 Unit 21- Task 9 Unit 21- Task 10 |
| Planning logistics for production | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Planning logistics for production | Team or crew, talent, management, production, support, equipment, materials, locations, studio, transport, catering, accomodation | Unit 29- Task 16 Unit 29- Task 17 Unit 21- Task 8 |
| Planning resources for post-production | Definition and what researched | Examples of this can be found in units: |
| Planning resources for post-production | Faculties, hardware, software, (image manipulation, sound mixing, graphics, effects,) personnel (team or crew, editor, graphic designer, interactive designer, layout artist, sound editor, support staff) | Unit 29- Task 16 Unit 21- Task 7 |
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